PHP Operators

Operators are symbols that perform operations on values and variables.

Example:

$a = 5 + 5;

Here:

+

is an operator.

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Types of Operators

PHP provides many operators:

1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Assignment Operators
3. Comparison Operators
4. Logical Operators
5. Increment / Decrement Operators
6. String Operators
7. Array Operators
8. Null Operators
9. Bitwise Operators

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Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Meaning	Example
+	Addition	$a + $b
-	Subtraction	$a - $b
*	Multiplication	$a * $b
/	Division	$a / $b
%	Modulus	$a % $b
**	Power	$a ** $b

---

Addition

echo 10 + 5;

Output:

15

---

Subtraction

echo 10 - 5;

Output:

5

---

Multiplication

echo 10 * 5;

Output:

50

---

Division

echo 10 / 5;

Output:

2

---

Modulus

Returns remainder.

echo 10 % 3;

Output:

1

---

Power

echo 2 ** 3;

Output:

8

---

Assignment Operators

Operator	Example
=	$a = 5
+=	$a += 5
-=	$a -= 5
*=	$a *= 5
/=	$a /= 5
%=	$a %= 5
.=	$text .= "Hello"

---

Example:

$a = 10;

$a += 5;

echo $a;

Output:

15

---

Comparison Operators

Operator	Meaning
==	Equal
===	Identical
!=	Not Equal
!==	Not Identical
>	Greater Than
<	Less Than
>=	Greater Than Equal
<=	Less Than Equal
<=>	Spaceship Operator

---

Equal

5 == "5";

Returns:

true

---

Identical

5 === "5";

Returns:

false

---

Spaceship Operator

echo 1 <=> 2;

Output:

-1

echo 2 <=> 2;

Output:

0

echo 3 <=> 2;

Output:

1

---

Logical Operators

Operator	Meaning
&&	AND
`
!	NOT
and	AND
or	OR
xor	XOR

---

AND

if ($online && $staff) {

}

---

OR

if ($admin || $owner) {

}

---

NOT

if (!$banned) {

}

---

Increment Operators

$a++;

---

Decrement Operators

$a--;

---

Pre Increment

++$a;

---

Post Increment

$a++;

Difference:

$a = 5;

echo ++$a;

Output:

6

---

$a = 5;

echo $a++;

Output:

5

---

String Operators

Concatenation

echo "Hello " . "World";

---

Concatenation Assignment

$text = "Hello";

$text .= " World";

---

Array Operators

Operator	Meaning
+	Union
==	Equal
===	Identical

---

Example:

$a = [
    "name" => "Aayan"
];

$b = [
    "rank" => "Owner"
];

$c = $a + $b;

---

Null Coalescing Operator

$name =
$_GET["name"] ?? "Guest";

---

Null Safe Operator (PHP 8)

$user?->getProfile()?->getName();

---

Ternary Operator

$status =
$online
? "Online"
: "Offline";

---

Bitwise Operators

Operator	Meaning
&	AND
`	`
^	XOR
~	NOT
<<	Left Shift
>>	Right Shift

---

Operator Precedence

echo 5 + 5 * 2;

Output:

15

because:

5 + (5 * 2)

---

Using Parentheses

echo (5 + 5) * 2;

Output:

20

---

PocketMine Examples

Permission Check:

if (
    $sender->hasPermission(
        "zyro.admin"
    ) &&
    $sender instanceof Player
) {

}

---

Economy:

$money += 1000;

---

Chat:

$message .= "!";

---

Exercises

1. Add two numbers.
2. Check if player is staff.
3. Use ternary operator.
4. Practice spaceship operator.

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Quiz

Which operator concatenates strings?

.

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Which operator checks identical values?

===

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Which operator provides default values?

??

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References

https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.php

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Next Chapter

➡ PHP Conditions